Mixed Gases
Calibration Gases
Air Quality Monitoring
Filling is done according to the values and components determined in line with the requirements of Environmental Analysis Laboratories. Calibration gases can be supplied as single-component, two-component, three-component, and four-components.
Most commonly used components:
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CO (Carbon Monoxide)
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NO (Nitric Oxide)
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SO2 (Sulfur Dioxide)
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NO2 (Nitrogen Dioxide)
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O2 (Oxygen)
Mixtures available (in %, ppm, and ppb for each)
Gas Mixture | Cylinder Type |
|---|---|
CO + NO + SO2 balance N2 | Aluminum Cylinder |
NO balance N2 | Aluminium Cylinder |
NO2 balance Air | Aluminium Cylinder |
O2 balance N2 | Stainless Steel cylinder |
SO2 balance Air | Aluminium Cylinder |
NO balance N2 | Aluminium Cylinder |
SO2 balance N2 | Aluminium Cylinder |
CO balance Air | Stainless Steel cylinder |
CO balance N2 | Stainless Steel cylinder |
Air quality monitoring refers to the systematic process of measuring and assessing the concentration of various pollutants and contaminants present in the air. This practice is crucial for understanding the quality of the air we breathe and its potential impact on human health, the environment, and overall well-being. Air quality monitoring involves the collection and analysis of data related to atmospheric composition, pollutant levels, and other relevant parameters.
Key components of air quality monitoring include:
Pollutant Detection: Monitoring systems measure the concentration of specific pollutants in the air. Common pollutants include particulate matter (PM), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), sulfur dioxide (SO₂), ozone (O₃), carbon monoxide (CO), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Each of these pollutants can have various sources and adverse effects on health and the environment.
Monitoring Stations: Air quality monitoring stations are strategically located in urban, suburban, industrial, and rural areas to provide comprehensive coverage. These stations may be fixed or mobile and are equipped with sensors and instruments to measure pollutant levels continuously or at specific intervals.
Data Collection: Real-time data collection is facilitated by sensors and instruments that measure pollutant concentrations, meteorological conditions (such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, and direction), and other relevant parameters. Data is often collected and transmitted automatically to central databases for analysis.
Data Analysis: Collected data is analyzed to assess air quality trends, identify pollution sources, and evaluate compliance with air quality standards and regulations. Analytical tools and models help in interpreting the data and making informed decisions regarding air quality management.
Public Awareness: Air quality indices and reports are often generated based on the collected data to inform the public about the current air quality conditions. These indices provide a simplified representation of air quality levels and associated health risks, helping individuals make informed decisions about outdoor activities.
Regulatory Compliance: Air quality monitoring is essential for assessing compliance with environmental regulations and standards. Industries and facilities emitting pollutants may be required to monitor and report their emissions to regulatory authorities.
Early Warning Systems: In some cases, air quality monitoring systems include early warning capabilities to alert the public and authorities about elevated pollutant levels or potential health risks. This is particularly important during events such as wildfires or industrial accidents.
Air quality monitoring plays a critical role in safeguarding public health, supporting environmental protection efforts, and guiding regulatory interventions to mitigate air pollution. Advances in sensor technology and data analytics continue to enhance the accuracy, efficiency, and accessibility of air quality monitoring systems worldwide.
Blood Gas
These are gases used for testing devices that measure blood gas.
Components:
Formed by adding different percentages of CO2 and O2 into nitrogen.
Lung Diffusion
Formed using different percentages of CO, He, CH4, C2H2, O2, and N2 gases.
Natural Gas Calibration Standard
Natural gas calibration standard (10CMIX)
These calibration gas mixtures comprise 9 hydrocarbon components in methane, essential for calibrating devices used in natural gas analysis.
Components:
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Methane (CH4)
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Ethane (C2H6)
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Propane (C3H8)
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i-Butane (i-C4H10)
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n-Butane (n-C4H10)
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i-Pentane (i-C5H12)
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n-Pentane (n-C5H12)
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Hexane (C6H14)
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Carbondioxide (CO2)
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Nirogen(N2)
Combustible Gas Detectors
These are calibration gases prepared using Methane, Propane, Butane, or Hydrogen, with Air as the balance. Generally, %50 LEL (Lower Explosive Limit) is preferred.
Most commonly used mixtures:
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%2.5 CH4 (%50 LEL) balance Air
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%1.05 C3H8 (%50 LEL) balance Air
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%0.9 C4H10 (%50 LEL) balance Air
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%2 H2 (%50 LEL) balance Air
They can be supplied in 10-liter steel cylinders, and for handheld devices, they can also be filled into single-use 17-liter or 34-liter steel cylinders, as well as 58-liter aluminium cylinders.
Disposable Cylinders (Non-Refillable)
The cylinders are equipped with 0.5 liters per minute constant flow regulators.
They are generally preferred for portable devices, combustible gas detectors, and blood gas analysers.
The most commonly used mixtures are 4-component mixtures.
Different ratios of H2S, CO, CH4, O2 components are produced and certified with N2 balance for each device.
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We can provide mixed gases in disposable cylinders.
Cylinders and their specifications
Water volume | Filling pressure | Gas Volume | Cylinder Type |
|---|---|---|---|
1 lt | 500 psi (34 bar) | 34 lt | Aluminum |
1,72 lt | 500 psi (34 bar) | 58 lt | Aluminum |
1,72 lt | 1000 psi (68 bar) | 116 lt | Aluminum |
G Gases (Heater Test and Calibration Gases)
We can provide gas mixtures numbered with the G coding. They are supplied in 50-liter water volume cylinders
Gas code | Filling pressure | Gas Volume |
|---|---|---|
G20 (CH4-Methane 2.5) | 200 bar | 12 m3 |
G21 (%13 C3H8 balance CH4) | 59 bar | 3.2 m3 |
G23 (%7.5 N2 balance CH4) | 150 bar | 8.9 m3 |
G25 (%14 N2 balance CH4) | 150 bar | 8.8 m3 |
G25.1 (%14 CO2 balance CH4) | 150 bar | 9.2 m3 |
G26 (%7 C3H8 + %13 N2 balance CH4) | 110 bar | 6.2 m3 |
G26.1 (%6 C3H8 + %14 CO2 balance CH4) | 124 bar | 7.3 m3 |
G27 (%18 N2 balance CH4) | 150 bar | 8.7 m3 |
G27.1 (%18 CO2 balance CH4) | 150 bar | 9.3 m3 |
G30 (%50 İ-C4H10+%50 N-C4H10) | - | 25 kg |
G31 (C3H8-Propan 2.5) | - | 21 kg |
G32 (C3H6-Propylene 2.0) | - | 21.5 kg |
G110 (%24 N2 + %26 CH4 balance H2) | 150 bar | 7.4 m3 |
G112 (%24 N2 + %17 CH4 balance H2) | 150 bar | 7.2 m3 |
G222 (%23 H2 balance CH4) | 150 bar | 8.5 m3 |
Industrial Laser Gases
Different mixtures can be prepared for laser cutting including CO2, Nitrogen and Helium gases
Most Commonly Used Laser Mixtures
Product | Cylinder Vol | Filling pressure | Gas Vol |
|---|---|---|---|
%1.7 CO2, %23 N2 Balance He | 50 litre | 200 bar | 9.4 m3 |
%3 CO2, %31 N2 Balance He | 50 litre | 200 bar | 9.6 m3 |
%5 CO2, %35 N2 Balance He | 50 litre | 200 bar | 9.7 m3 |
%5 CO2, %40 He Balance N2 | 50 litre | 200 bar | 9.9 m3 |
%4 CO, %8 CO2, %28 He Balance N2 | 50 litre | 140 bar | 7 m3 |
* Rofin Laser Mixture | 10 litre | 150 bar | 1.5 m3 |
* Rofin Laser Mixture: A gas mixture specially produced for ROFIN brand laser devices.
Custom Gas Mixtures
We can also provide specific gas mixtures in accordance with your needs.
Used Components:
CO, NO, SO2, NO2, H2S, CO2, H2, CH4, C2H2, C2H4, C2H6, C3H8, C4H10, O2, He, Ar, N2, SF6
Most commonly used standard gas mixtures
Gas type | Cylinder vol | Filling pressure | Gas vol |
|---|---|---|---|
Fuel gas (%40 H2 balance He) | 50 lt | 200 bar | 9.4 m3 |
P-10 (%10 CH4 balance Ar) | 50 lt | 200 bar | 10.4 m3 |
Exhaust Emission Gas (CO + CO2 + C3H8 bal N2) | 10 lt | 200 bar | 1.4 m3 |
Breathing gases used in deep dives:
In deep-sea diving, specialized breathing gas mixtures are used to allow divers to explore at greater depths while minimizing the risk of decompression sickness and other physiological issues associated with high-pressure environments. The gases used in deep dives are typically referred to as "breathing gases" or "dive gases," and they can vary based on the depth and specific requirements of the dive. The most common types of dive gases include:
Heliox: A mixture of helium and oxygen (typically with low nitrogen content) is used for deeper dives. Helium, being less narcotic than nitrogen, helps minimize the effects of narcosis at greater depths. Heliox is commonly used in commercial diving and some technical diving applications.
Trimix: Trimix is a breathing gas mixture that combines helium, oxygen, and nitrogen. It is used for very deep dives where the oxygen and nitrogen concentrations need to be carefully controlled to avoid oxygen toxicity and minimize narcosis. Trimix allows divers to reach extreme depths with reduced risk.
Hydreliox: This is a specialized mixture of helium, oxygen, and hydrogen. Hydrogen is sometimes added to further reduce the effects of narcosis at extreme depths. It is used in some deep saturation diving operations.
The choice of breathing gas depends on factors such as the depth of the dive, the duration of the dive, and the specific goals of the dive. The goal is to provide the necessary oxygen while minimizing the effects of nitrogen narcosis and preventing oxygen toxicity. Gas mixtures are carefully planned to ensure the safety of the divers and the success of the mission. Technical divers and commercial divers often undergo specialized training to handle the complexities of using different breathing gases in deep-sea environments.
Commonly used mixtures are as below:
%10 O2 - %90 He
%16 O2 - %84 He
%50 O2 - %50 He
ISO 17025 Accredited Calibration Gases
Since February 2014, we have been providing TS EN ISO / IEC 17025 accredited calibration gases across Europe.
We are able to offer the following gas mixtures as per the requirements within the framework of our services covered by the 17025 standard scope.
You can find our Accreditation Scope in the following link
http://hatgrup.com/uploads/main/190806101358-ab0121k-(2).pdf
BINARY MIXTURES
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Carbon monoxide (CO) in Nitrogen
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Nitric oxide (NO) in Nitrogen
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Sulphur dioxide (SO2) in Nitrogen
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Oxygen (O2) in Nitrogen
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Propane (C3H8) in Nitrogen / Air
MIXED GASES
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CO + NO + SO2 in Nitrogen
SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS STANDARD MIXTURE
The components that we use in 17025 Accredited Certified Synthetic Natural Gas Mixtures which are analysed according to ISO 6143 standard and filled according to ISO 6142 are listed below.
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C2H6 (Ethane),
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C3H8 (Propane),
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i-C4H10 (iso-Butane),
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N-C4H10 (n-Butane),
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i-C5H12 (iso-Pentane),
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n-C5H12 (n-Pentane),
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C6H14 (n-Hexane),
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N2 (Nitrogen),
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CO2 (Carbon dioxide)
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balance Methane (CH4)
EXHAUST EMISSION
Calibration gases certified under the 17025 accreditation can be produced for use in calibrating devices for inspections of both gasoline and diesel vehicles.
CO2 (Carbon dioxide),
CO (Carbon monoxide),
C3H8 (Propane),
O2 (Oxygen)
balance N2 (Nitrogen)
Gas Equipments:
Regulators
Dual-stage gas and gas mixture cylinder regulators are available with below specs.
It is recommended to use regulators with chrome-plated brass bodies for inert, non-hazardous gases and regulators with stainless steel bodies for reactive and corrosive gases
Product code | Stage | Body composition | Max inlet press | Max outlet press |
|---|---|---|---|---|
NR 31 - C | Dual | chrome-plated brass | 240 bar | 4-10 bar |
NR 31 - S | Dual | Stainless steel | 240 bar | 4-10 bar |
